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One of the characteristics of
yeomen which the
sixteenth century writer, William Harrison, saw as distinguishing them from
the gentry is that they have servants who ‘get both their own and part of
their master’s living’ in contrast to the ‘idle servants’ of gentlemen. What
he means is that yeomen’s servants were essential to their economic
livelihood rather than merely reinforcing their master’s status. In the
Tudor period the majority of adolescents entered some form of service or
apprenticeship from their mid-teens onwards. ‘Life cycle’ servants such as
these would remain in service until they got married, and then establish
independent households of their own. They usually lived with their employer
and might be engaged in domestic or agricultural work. We do not know how
many live-in servants
Thomas Wells had but it is probable that he had at least two female
servants and one male servant. These servants were not necessarily of lower
social status than their employer. They expected to be adequately fed and
clothed during the period of their service and not to be beaten; masters
(and mistresses) who abused their servants could be prosecuted. In Bayleaf
the female servants probably slept alongside the children in the second
chamber; the male servant may have slept in the room above the kitchen |